The JAMMA wiring standard was introduced in 1985. Arcade cabinets wired to the JAMMA standard can be made to play all games built to this standard, simply by installing the circuit boards
for the new game. By the 1990s, most new arcade games were JAMMA
standard. As the majority of arcade games were designed in Japan at this
time, JAMMA became the de facto world standard.
Before the JAMMA standard, most arcade PCBs,
wiring harnesses, and power supplies were custom-built. When an old
game became unprofitable, many arcade operators would rewire the cabinet
and update the artwork in order to put different games in the cabinets.
Reusing old cabinets made a lot of sense, and it was realized that the
cabinets were a different market from the games themselves. The JAMMA
standard allowed plug-and-play cabinets to be created (reducing the cost
to arcade operators) where an unprofitable game could be replaced with
another game by a simple swap of the game PCB, and an update of the
artwork.